As well as presenting a detailed presentation of the archaeological finds from the Basilica of Santa María in Alicante (S/E Spain), this work also describes one of the pioneering investigations carried out by the Archaeological Museum of Alicante into the application of archaeological methodology to architectural projects in the Valencian Region. The results of the archaeological interventions were spectacular - a unique collection of nearly 500 practically complete pots was found. These included large wine or oil containers, some associated with maritime trade, as well as ceramic objects used in the basilica's construction: an exceptional example of a ceramic siphon was found, which is the oldest known example in Europe. This large and unique pottery collection comprises the main body of this publication, in catalogue form. The study begins however with introductory chapters describing the basilica and the evolution of its architecture throughout the medieval period.